{"id":14024,"date":"2023-03-23T20:31:46","date_gmt":"2023-03-23T23:31:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/?p=14024"},"modified":"2023-03-24T15:03:34","modified_gmt":"2023-03-24T18:03:34","slug":"marlim-azul","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/marlim-azul\/","title":{"rendered":"Marlim-azul"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong style=\"color: rgb(51, 102, 255); font-size: 14pt;\">Marlim azul<\/strong><span style=\"\"><span style=\"color: rgb(51, 102, 255); font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>:<\/strong><\/span><font color=\"#000000\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"> <\/span><\/font><\/span><span style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14pt;\">esp\u00e9cie amea\u00e7ada de extin\u00e7\u00e3o, o marlim-azul (<em>Makaira nigricans<\/em>)<\/span> <span style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14pt;\">enfrenta diversas amea\u00e7as complexas nos oceanos. No entanto algumas iniciativas tem aumentado as chances de preservar esse formid\u00e1vel peixe.<\/span>  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"font-family: 'courier new', courier, monospace; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 24pt;\">Esperan\u00e7a<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"> para o marlim-azul<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>23\/3\/2023<\/strong>&nbsp;::&nbsp; <strong>Marco Pozzana<\/strong>, bi\u00f3logo<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap wp-block-paragraph\">Esp\u00e9cie de espadim end\u00eamica do Oceano Atl\u00e2ntico, o marlim-azul ou espadim-azul-do-atl\u00e2ntico (<em>Makaira nigricans<\/em>) est\u00e1 intimamente relacionado ao marlim-azul do-indo-pac\u00edfico (<em>Makaira mazara<\/em>). As semelhan\u00e7as s\u00e3o tantas que muitos bi\u00f3logos defendem que <em>M. nigricans<\/em>  e <em>M. mazara<\/em> s\u00e3o, na verdade, a mesma esp\u00e9cie.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-large is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/i.redd.it\/hjgo1q9h42x11.gif?resize=187%2C185&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"187\" height=\"185\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Todavia, o marlim-azul \u00e9 sem d\u00favida um dos maiores e mais r\u00e1pidos peixes do mundo. Seu corpo azul-cobalto e branco prateado e mand\u00edbulas superiores em forma de lan\u00e7a tornam o <em>M. nigricans<\/em> um dos mais impressionantes animais marinhos. \u00c9 um peixe solit\u00e1rio desde o momento em que nasce. A m\u00e3e p\u00f5e seus ovos em \u00e1guas abertas e eles flutuam sozinhos at\u00e9 a eclos\u00e3o. Depois, passam a maior parte de sua vida sozinhos, longe da costa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/peixe-espada-do-rio-amarelo-extinto\/\">Peixe-espada-do-rio-amarelo: extinto<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/que-oceano-queremos-para-o-futuro\/\">Que oceano queremos para o futuro?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Depois que atingem a maturidade, eles t\u00eam poucos predadores, representados principalmente por <a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/documentario-orcas\/\">orcas<\/a> e grandes tubar\u00f5es pel\u00e1gicos, como o <a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/tubarao-mako\/\">mako<\/a> e o grande <a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/tubarao-branco\/\">tubar\u00e3o branco<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em><strong>Makaira <em>nigricans<\/em><\/strong><\/em> (Lac\u00e9p\u00e8de, 1802)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nativo das \u00e1guas tropicais e temperadas dos oceanos Atl\u00e2ntico, Pac\u00edfico e \u00cdndico, o marlim-azul prefere a temperatura mais alta das \u00e1guas mais pr\u00f3ximas da superf\u00edcie, onde pode predar principalmente cavala e atum, mas tamb\u00e9m mergulhar fundo para comer lulas. Cientistas h\u00e1 muito tentam entender at\u00e9 que ponto o <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10228-007-0419-x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">marlim-azul usa sua &#8220;espada&#8221;<\/a>, a mand\u00edbula superior na alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Por sua vez, o sistema de linha lateral permite sentir at\u00e9 movimentos fracos na \u00e1gua, al\u00e9m de mudan\u00e7as na press\u00e3o. Outras adapta\u00e7\u00f5es no corpo do peixe permitem que a esp\u00e9cie seja um dos animais com o nado mais r\u00e1pido. As f\u00eameas s\u00e3o geralmente bem mais pesadas e maiores que os machos. O maior marlim-azul j\u00e1 pescado foi pr\u00f3ximo \u00e0 costa de Vit\u00f3ria, no Brasil, cujo animal, uma f\u00eameas, pesava 636 kg. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/marlim-azul.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"445\" data-attachment-id=\"14117\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/marlim-azul\/marlim-azul-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/marlim-azul.jpg?fit=1024%2C570&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,570\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-title=\"marlim-azul\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;O marlim-azul ou espadarte-azul (nome cient\u00edfico: Makaira nigricans) \u00e9 um peixe tele\u00f3steo, oce\u00e2nico, da fam\u00edlia Istiophoridae das \u00e1guas tropicais e subtropicais do Atl\u00e2ntico e do Pac\u00edfico. Chega a medir at\u00e9 4 metros de comprimento, possuindo dorso preto-azulado, ventre branco-prateado, primeira nadadeira dorsal preta ou azul-escura e as restantes marrom-escuras a azul-escuras. O mais pesado j\u00e1 pescado e publicado tinha o peso de 636 kg. \u00c9 uma esp\u00e9cie muito procurada em pesca desportiva. O marlim-azul p\u00f5e milh\u00f5es de ovos de uma s\u00f3 vez, e cada um dos ovos mede cerca de 1 mil\u00edmetro de di\u00e2metro. Tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 conhecido pelos nomes de agulh\u00e3o, agulh\u00e3o-azul e agulh\u00e3o-negro&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;by J Thomas McMurray, Ph.D&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/marlim-azul.jpg?fit=800%2C445&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/marlim-azul.jpg?resize=800%2C445&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"marlim-azul\" class=\"wp-image-14117\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/marlim-azul.jpg?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/marlim-azul.jpg?resize=300%2C167&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/marlim-azul.jpg?resize=768%2C428&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/marlim-azul.jpg?resize=800%2C445&amp;ssl=1 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><sub>by J Thomas McMurray, Ph.D<\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A esp\u00e9cie foi descrita em 1802 pelo conde de Lac\u00e9p\u00e8de (1756\u20141825), um naturalista e pol\u00edtico franc\u00eas. Pescado Intensamente h\u00e1 muitas d\u00e9cadas, o marlim-azul \u00e9 muito visado como trof\u00e9u pela &#8220;pesca esportiva&#8221;. Tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 uma conhecida v\u00edtima nas redes da pesca comercial de atum. Mesmo quando devolvidos ao mar, dificilmente sobrevivem devido aos ferimentos e pelo desgaste da captura. Est\u00e1 listado como &#8220;vulner\u00e1vel&#8221; na Lista Vermelha de Animais Amea\u00e7ados da <a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/iucn\/\">IUCN<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Proteger esp\u00e9cies oce\u00e2nicas como a <em>Makaira nigricans<\/em> \u00e9 um desafio bastante complexo no cen\u00e1rio atual de degrada\u00e7\u00e3o dos mares. No entanto, algumas medidas recentes podem ajudar bastante o marlim-azul e muitas outras esp\u00e9cies amea\u00e7adas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O governo brit\u00e2nico juntou-se aos apelos para a prote\u00e7\u00e3o de 30% dos oceanos do mundo at\u00e9 2030, anunciando a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de uma <strong>\u00e1rea marinha protegida (MPA)<\/strong> totalmente protegida nas \u00e1guas ao redor da Ilha de Ascens\u00e3o \u2014 regi\u00e3o onde se encontra alguns dos maiores marlins-azuis, no Oceano Atl\u00e2ntico Sul. A APA cobrir\u00e1 443.000 quil\u00f4metros quadrados, tornando-se uma das maiores AMPs do Atl\u00e2ntico. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-style-rounded\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/thumbs.gfycat.com\/RareColossalGalago-size_restricted.gif?w=800&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Acordo pelos Oceanos<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Os estados-membros da ONU chegaram a um acordo para criar o primeiro tratado internacional para a preserva\u00e7\u00e3o do alto-mar, destinado a combater as amea\u00e7as que pesam sobre os ecossistemas vitais para a humanidade. O tratado \u00e9 considerado essencial para conservar 30% das terras e oceanos do mundo at\u00e9 2030, conforme acordado pelos governos do mundo em um pacto assinado em Montreal em dezembro. Atualmente apenas 1% do alto-mar est\u00e1 protegido.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Podemos concluir que o futuro do marlim-azul \u00e9 incerto, uma vez que n\u00e3o estamos conseguindo frear o processo de degrada\u00e7\u00e3o dos ocanos. No entanto, com acordos como o rec\u00e9m assinado <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/science-environment-64839763\">High Seas Treaty<\/a><\/em> podem ajudar significativamente a preservar diversas esp\u00e9cies marinhas importantes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fontes e refer\u00eancias:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/metsul.com\/celebrado-acordo-historico-para-a-protecao-dos-oceanos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Celebrado acordo hist\u00f3rico para a prote\u00e7\u00e3o dos oceanos<\/a> &#8211; ap\u00f3s uma d\u00e9cada de debates e negocia\u00e7\u00e3o nas na\u00e7\u00f5es unidas <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/237344835_Preliminary_results_on_reproductive_biology_of_blue_marlin_Makaira_nigricans_LACEPEDE_1803_in_the_tropical_western_Atlantic_Ocean\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Preliminary Results on Reproductive Biology of Blue Marlin<\/a>,&nbsp;Makaira nigricans&nbsp;(LAC\u00c9P\u00c8DE, 1803) in the Tropical Western Atlantic Ocean<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-023-00684-z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">UN forges historic deal to protect ocean life: what researchers think<\/a> &#8211; www.nature.com &#8211; (em ingl\u00eas).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/apoie-o-biologo\/\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"174\" height=\"147\" data-attachment-id=\"11979\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/caracal-um-mestre-da-sobrevivencia\/apoiepeq\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/apoiepeq.jpg?fit=174%2C147&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"174,147\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-title=\"apoiepeq\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Apoie o Bi\u00f3logo&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/apoiepeq.jpg?fit=174%2C147&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/apoiepeq.jpg?resize=174%2C147&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Apoie o Bi\u00f3logo\" class=\"wp-image-11979\" title=\"Apoie o Bi\u00f3logo\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"color: #003300;\"><a style=\"color: #003300;\" href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/apoie-o-biologo\/\"><strong>apoie o Bi\u00f3logo<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Marlim azul: esp\u00e9cie amea\u00e7ada de extin\u00e7\u00e3o, o marlim-azul (Makaira nigricans) enfrenta diversas amea\u00e7as complexas nos oceanos. No entanto algumas iniciativas<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14117,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[4,135,19,27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14024","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biologiamarinha","category-conservacao","category-ictiologia","category-zoologia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Esperan\u00e7a para o marlim-azul - cen\u00e1rio promete defesa da esp\u00e9cie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Marlim azul: esp\u00e9cie amea\u00e7ada de extin\u00e7\u00e3o (Makaira nigricans) enfrenta diversas amea\u00e7as complexas nos oceanos. 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