{"id":7737,"date":"2021-04-28T18:31:28","date_gmt":"2021-04-28T21:31:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/?p=7737"},"modified":"2022-09-03T21:58:27","modified_gmt":"2022-09-04T00:58:27","slug":"hipotese-de-gaia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/","title":{"rendered":"Hip\u00f3tese de Gaia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong>Hip\u00f3tese de Gaia: <\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">H\u00e1 d\u00e9cadas ouvimos falar a palavra &#8216;Gaia&#8217; e sabemos que est\u00e1 ligada de certa forma ao conceito de desenvolvimento sustent\u00e1vel. Nesse artigo vamos entender melhor a hip\u00f3tese de <a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/ecologia-profunda\/\">Ecologia Profunda<\/a> tamb\u00e9m conhecida como Teoria de Gaia ou Princ\u00edpio de Gaia.<a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/exclusivo-biologo-1.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9206\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/por-que-biologos-sao-desvalorizados\/exclusivo-biologo-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/exclusivo-biologo-1.jpg?fit=65%2C80&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"65,80\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"exclusivo-biologo\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;artigo exclusivo www.biologo.com.br&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/exclusivo-biologo-1.jpg?fit=65%2C80&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-9206\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/exclusivo-biologo-1.jpg?resize=65%2C80&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"artigo exclusivo www.biologo.com.br\" width=\"65\" height=\"80\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: 'courier new', courier, monospace; font-size: 24pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Hip\u00f3tese de Gaia<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 8pt; color: #000000;\">14\/9\/2020 ::\u00a0 Por Josu\u00e9 Fontana<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 24pt;\"><strong>A <\/strong><\/span>Terra era chamada de Gaia pelos <a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/biologia-da-grecia-antiga\/\">antigos gregos<\/a>. Era como se o planeta fosse visto como uma poderosa entidade matriarcal que conectava os quatro elementos sagrados para a vida: fogo, terra, \u00e1gua e ar. Formava-se a ideia de que tudo estava interconectado.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5905\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5905\" style=\"width: 103px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/dia-da-terra\/\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"5905\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/dia-da-terra\/dia-da-terra\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Dia-da-Terra.jpg?fit=631%2C351&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"631,351\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Dia-da-Terra\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Dia da Terra&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Dia da Terra&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Dia-da-Terra.jpg?fit=631%2C351&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-5905 \" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Dia-da-Terra.jpg?resize=103%2C107&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Dia da Terra\" width=\"103\" height=\"107\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5905\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/dia-da-terra\/\">Dia da Terra<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Hoje, a Hip\u00f3tese de Gaia \u00e9 conhecida por propor que os organismos interajam com os elementos minerais formando um sistema complexo sin\u00e9rgico e autorregulado que ajuda a manter e perpetuar as condi\u00e7\u00f5es de vida no planeta.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/ecologia-profunda\/\">Ecologia profunda<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/grandes-mamiferos-ajudam-a-restaurar-ecossistemas\/\">Grandes mam\u00edferos ajudam a restaurar ecossistemas<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">James E. Lovelock em 1972 foi o autor da &#8220;Hip\u00f3tese de resposta da Terra&#8221;. Ela foi renomeada conforme sugest\u00e3o do colega, William Golding, como Hip\u00f3tese de Gaia, em refer\u00eancia \u00e0 mitol\u00f3gica tit\u00e3 grega que personificava a Terra: Gaia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">O autor e outros pesquisadores que apoiam o conceito atualmente o consideram n\u00e3o apenas como uma hip\u00f3tese mas como uma teoria cient\u00edfica, uma vez que ela passou por <a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/240137479_James_Lovelock_The_Revenge_of_Gaia_Earth's_Climate_Crisis_and_the_Fate_of_Humanity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an\u00e1lises<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7739\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7739\" style=\"width: 120px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/lynn-margulis\/\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"7739\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/lynn-margulis\/lynn-margulis\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Lynn-Margulis.jpg?fit=631%2C351&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"631,351\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Lynn-Margulis\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Lynn Margulis: Foi uma importante bi\u00f3loga evolucionista americana, escritora, educadora e divulgadora da ci\u00eancia, e foi a principal proponente moderna para a import\u00e2ncia da simbiose na evolu\u00e7\u00e3o.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Lynn-Margulis.jpg?fit=631%2C351&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-7739 \" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Lynn-Margulis.jpg?resize=120%2C113&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Lynn Margulis\" width=\"120\" height=\"113\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7739\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/lynn-margulis\/\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Lynn Margulis<\/span><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: 'courier new', courier, monospace; font-size: 12pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Gaia e o estudo da composi\u00e7\u00e3o da atmosfera terrestre<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">James Lovelock formulou sua teoria ap\u00f3s participar de uma equipe da NASA que analisou a possibilidade de existir vida em Marte. Ele publicou seus primeiros artigos em 1972, e logo contou com a valorosa colabora\u00e7\u00e3o da microbi\u00f3loga <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a style=\"color: #000000; text-decoration: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/lynn-margulis\/\">Lynn Margulis<\/a><\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Margulis era uma importante bi\u00f3loga evolucionista americana, escritora, educadora e divulgadora da ci\u00eancia. Foi tamb\u00e9m a principal proponente moderna para a import\u00e2ncia da simbiose na evolu\u00e7\u00e3o. Os autores tamb\u00e9m questionavam a pr\u00f3pria defini\u00e7\u00e3o do que \u00e9 vida.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5820\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5820\" style=\"width: 131px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/o-sistema-solar\/\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"5820\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/o-sistema-solar\/sistema-solar\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/sistema-solar.jpg?fit=631%2C351&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"631,351\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"sistema-solar\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;The International Astronomical Union\/Martin Kornmesser&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;by The International Astronomical Union\/Martin Kornmesser&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/sistema-solar.jpg?fit=631%2C351&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-5820 \" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/sistema-solar.jpg?resize=131%2C65&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"O sistema solar\" width=\"131\" height=\"65\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5820\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/o-sistema-solar\/\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">O sistema solar<\/span><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">O ponto de partida dos dois foi o estudo da composi\u00e7\u00e3o da atmosfera terrestre, que, segundo eles, seria muito diferente da esperada para um planeta situado na posi\u00e7\u00e3o entre V\u00eanus e Marte (a zona habit\u00e1vel do Sistema Solar), por conter, em sua composi\u00e7\u00e3o, grandes quantidades de gases como o oxig\u00eanio, \u00f3xido nitroso e metano. Segundo o argumento deles, tal composi\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00f3 poderia ser explicada pela intera\u00e7\u00e3o dos organismos vivos com a mat\u00e9ria inorg\u00e2nica<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Com base nesses preceitos e outras evid\u00eancias, foi colocado que, ap\u00f3s surgir em um planeta deserto, a vida passa a reger o ambiente inorg\u00e2nico e a modific\u00e1-lo em seu benef\u00edcio, a fim de que a vida possa se perpetuar, formando ent\u00e3o um sistema que chamou de Gaia. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'courier new', courier, monospace;\">Hip\u00f3tese Biogeoqu\u00edmica, Teoria de Gaia ou Princ\u00edpio de Gaia<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"9222\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/teoria-de-gaia\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Teoria-de-Gaia.jpg?fit=631%2C351&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"631,351\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Teoria-de-Gaia\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;A hip\u00f3tese de Gaia, tamb\u00e9m denominada hip\u00f3tese biogeoqu\u00edmica,[1] \u00e9 uma hip\u00f3tese da ecologia profunda que prop\u00f5e que a biosfera e os componentes f\u00edsicos da Terra (atmosfera, criosfera, hidrosfera e litosfera) s\u00e3o intimamente integrados de modo a formar um complexo sistema interagente que mant\u00e9m as condi\u00e7\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas e biogeoqu\u00edmicas preferivelmente em homeostase.&lt;\/p&gt;\n&lt;p&gt;Originalmente proposta pelo investigador brit\u00e2nico James E. Lovelock em 1972 como &amp;#8220;Hip\u00f3tese de resposta da Terra&amp;#8221;,[2] ela foi renomeada conforme sugest\u00e3o de seu colega, William Golding, como Hip\u00f3tese de Gaia&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Teoria-de-Gaia.jpg?fit=631%2C351&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-9222  alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Teoria-de-Gaia.jpg?resize=120%2C112&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Teoria-de-Gaia-Hipotese-de-gaia\" width=\"120\" height=\"112\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Em 1985 surge o primeiro simp\u00f3sio p\u00fablico sobre a hip\u00f3tese de Gaia, <em>Is The Earth A Living Organism?<\/em>, realizado na University of Massachusetts Amherst e cerca de 500 pessoas compareceram. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Na \u00e9poca da 2\u00aa Confer\u00eancia, realizada na Espanha no ano 2000, a situa\u00e7\u00e3o havia mudado. Em vez de uma discuss\u00e3o das vis\u00f5es teleol\u00f3gicas de Gaia, ou &#8220;tipos&#8221; de hip\u00f3teses de Gaia, o foco era sobre os mecanismos espec\u00edficos pelos quais a homeostase b\u00e1sica de curto prazo era mantida dentro de uma estrutura de mudan\u00e7a estrutural evolucion\u00e1ria significativa de longo prazo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A quarta confer\u00eancia internacional sobre a hip\u00f3tese foi realizada em 2006 no campus da George Mason University. Martin Ogle, naturalista chefe da NVRPA, e defensor da hip\u00f3tese de Gaia de longa data, organizou o evento. Lynn Margulis, foi a palestrante principal.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3313\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3313\" style=\"width: 631px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/plancton\/\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"3313\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/plancton\/plancton-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Pl%C3%A2ncton.jpg?fit=631%2C351&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"631,351\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Pl\u00e2ncton\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Pl\u00e2ncton&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;A fant\u00e1stica biodiversidade planct\u00f4nica&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Pl%C3%A2ncton.jpg?fit=631%2C351&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-3313 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Pl%C3%A2ncton.jpg?resize=631%2C351&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Pl\u00e2ncton\" width=\"631\" height=\"351\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Pl%C3%A2ncton.jpg?w=631&amp;ssl=1 631w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Pl%C3%A2ncton.jpg?resize=300%2C167&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 631px) 100vw, 631px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3313\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/plancton\/\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">A fant\u00e1stica biodiversidade planct\u00f4nica<\/span><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'courier new', courier, monospace; font-size: 12pt;\">Controv\u00e9rsias<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ainda existe controv\u00e9rsia na ideia de atribuir a denomina\u00e7\u00e3o de &#8220;ser vivo&#8221; a um conjunto de popula\u00e7\u00f5es biol\u00f3gicas em seu planeta f\u00edsico, entre outras coloca\u00e7\u00f5es que ainda n\u00e3o foram provadas. Todavia, outras ideias foram refor\u00e7adas com fortes evid\u00eancias.\u00a0 Tamb\u00e9m h<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00e1 casos em que os organismos podem modificar o ambiente de modo nocivo para eles mesmos ou para outros seres, o que para alguns cr\u00edticos inviabiliza uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o geral da teoria, o que ainda gera pol\u00eamica e muito debate.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: 'courier new', courier, monospace; font-size: 12pt;\">Legado\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7761\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7761\" style=\"width: 161px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/ecologia-profunda\/\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"7761\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/ecologia-profunda\/ecologia-profunda-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/ecologia-profunda.jpg?fit=631%2C351&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"631,351\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"ecologia-profunda\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;A ecologia profunda, tradu\u00e7\u00e3o direta do ingl\u00eas deep ecology, \u00e9 um conceito proposto pelo fil\u00f3sofo e ecologista noruegu\u00eas Arne N\u00e6ss em 1973, que v\u00ea a humanidade como mais um fio na &amp;#8220;teia da vida&amp;#8221; (web of life).&lt;br \/&gt;\nSegundo esse conceito, cada elemento da natureza, inclusive a humanidade, deve ser preservado e respeitado para garantir o equil\u00edbrio do sistema da biosfera. O termo foi criado para contrapor o conceito, tamb\u00e9m formulado por N\u00e6ss, de \u201cecologia rasa\u201d ou \u201cecologia superficial\u201d, segundo ele o paradigma dominante sobre o uso dos recursos naturais, no qual humanos s\u00e3o o centro de tudo e a natureza constitui algo a ser explorado. Varakorn Kuldilok \/ CC BY-SA (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0)&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Ecologia profunda: O ambiente da vida como um todo deve ser respeitado. Varakorn Kuldilok&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/ecologia-profunda.jpg?fit=631%2C351&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-7761 \" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/ecologia-profunda.jpg?resize=161%2C90&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Ecologia Profunda\" width=\"161\" height=\"90\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/ecologia-profunda.jpg?resize=300%2C167&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/ecologia-profunda.jpg?w=631&amp;ssl=1 631w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 161px) 100vw, 161px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7761\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/ecologia-profunda\/\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Ecologia profunda<\/span><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">De qualquer forma, a exist\u00eancia de uma influ\u00eancia m\u00fatua entre ambiente e seres vivos, e a capacidade dos seres vivos de modificar o ambiente a afim de que sua sobreviv\u00eancia seja assegurada, s\u00e3o hoje largamente aceitas. Sabe-se hoje da a\u00e7\u00e3o vital da biosfera na manuten\u00e7\u00e3o dos ciclos biogeoqu\u00edmicos de elementos essenciais sem os quais a preserva\u00e7\u00e3o da vida na Terra seria imposs\u00edvel.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A hip\u00f3tese abriu todo um novo campo de estudos nas Ci\u00eancias da Terra, contribuindo para abalar a concep\u00e7\u00e3o mecanicista da vida e do universo, favorecendo uma vis\u00e3o hol\u00edstica em que fica evidente a estreita depend\u00eancia de todos os seres vivos entre si e com o mundo em que vivem.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A\u00a0 Hip\u00f3tese de Gaia foi importante para a forma\u00e7\u00e3o de respeito \u00e0 natureza e valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o do desenvolvimento sustent\u00e1vel. Isso numa \u00e9poca em que a destrui\u00e7\u00e3o do ambiente \u00e9 t\u00e3o alarmante e perigosa para a sobreviv\u00eancia da pr\u00f3pria humanidade.<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><strong><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'courier new', courier, monospace; font-size: 12pt;\">Estudos e refer\u00eancias:<\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 8pt;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/240137479_James_Lovelock_The_Revenge_of_Gaia_Earth's_Climate_Crisis_and_the_Fate_of_Humanity\/link\/57f80d8e08ae886b89836576\/download\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">James Lovelock, The Revenge of Gaia: Earth\u2019s Climate Crisis and the Fate of Humanity<\/a> [PDF]<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 8pt;\">J. E. Lovelock (1972). &#8220;Gaia as seen through the atmosphere&#8221;.\u00a0<i>Atmospheric Environment<\/i>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-14\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt; color: #000000;\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Harding, Stephan. &#8220;From Gaia Theory to Deep Ecology&#8221;. Schumacher College<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hip\u00f3tese de Gaia: H\u00e1 d\u00e9cadas ouvimos falar a palavra &#8216;Gaia&#8217; e sabemos que est\u00e1 ligada de certa forma ao conceito<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9222,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"Hip\u00f3tese de Gaia: H\u00e1 d\u00e9cadas ouvimos falar a palavra 'Gaia' e sabemos que est\u00e1 ligada de certa forma ao conceito de desenvolvimento sustent\u00e1vel. Nesse artigo vamos entender melhor a hip\u00f3tese de Ecologia Profunda tamb\u00e9m conhecida como Teoria de Gaia ou Princ\u00edpio de Gaia.","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[3,13,22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7737","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bioetica","category-educacaoambiental","category-meioambiente"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Teoria de Gaia - Legado e controv\u00e9rsias - Sustentabilidade - Bi\u00f3logo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u00e1 d\u00e9cadas ouvimos falar a palavra &#039;Gaia&#039; e sabemos que est\u00e1 ligada ao conceito de desenvolvimento sustent\u00e1vel. Teoria de Gaia ou Princ\u00edpio.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Teoria de Gaia - Legado e controv\u00e9rsias - Sustentabilidade - Bi\u00f3logo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"H\u00e1 d\u00e9cadas ouvimos falar a palavra &#039;Gaia&#039; e sabemos que est\u00e1 ligada ao conceito de desenvolvimento sustent\u00e1vel. Teoria de Gaia ou Princ\u00edpio.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bi\u00f3logo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/biologocombr\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-04-28T21:31:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-09-04T00:58:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Teoria-de-Gaia.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"631\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"351\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"pozzana\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@Biologocombr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Biologocombr\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"pozzana\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. tempo de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/hipotese-de-gaia\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/hipotese-de-gaia\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"pozzana\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3a5d600bbc47f8bb0cd43594317a6cd4\"},\"headline\":\"Hip\u00f3tese de Gaia\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-04-28T21:31:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-09-04T00:58:27+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/hipotese-de-gaia\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":966,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/hipotese-de-gaia\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/Teoria-de-Gaia.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1\",\"articleSection\":[\"Bio\u00e9tica\",\"Educa\u00e7\u00e3o Ambiental\",\"Meio Ambiente\"],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/hipotese-de-gaia\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/hipotese-de-gaia\\\/\",\"name\":\"Teoria de Gaia - Legado e controv\u00e9rsias - Sustentabilidade - Bi\u00f3logo\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/hipotese-de-gaia\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/hipotese-de-gaia\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/Teoria-de-Gaia.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-04-28T21:31:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-09-04T00:58:27+00:00\",\"description\":\"H\u00e1 d\u00e9cadas ouvimos falar a palavra 'Gaia' e sabemos que est\u00e1 ligada ao conceito de desenvolvimento sustent\u00e1vel. Teoria de Gaia ou Princ\u00edpio.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/hipotese-de-gaia\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/hipotese-de-gaia\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/hipotese-de-gaia\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/Teoria-de-Gaia.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/04\\\/Teoria-de-Gaia.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1\",\"width\":631,\"height\":351,\"caption\":\"Teoria-de-Gaia-Hipotese-de-gaia\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/hipotese-de-gaia\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"In\u00edcio\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Hip\u00f3tese de Gaia\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/\",\"name\":\"Bi\u00f3logo\",\"description\":\"Biologia. Informa\u00e7\u00f5es para bi\u00f3logos ou leigos. Eventos, v\u00eddeos e muito mais. Ci\u00eancias biol\u00f3gicas.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Bi\u00f3logo\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/12\\\/logo1.jpg?fit=179%2C57&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/12\\\/logo1.jpg?fit=179%2C57&ssl=1\",\"width\":179,\"height\":57,\"caption\":\"Bi\u00f3logo\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/biologocombr\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/Biologocombr\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3a5d600bbc47f8bb0cd43594317a6cd4\",\"name\":\"pozzana\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/fa8f924c29488a329bd70373453572f7494e802125f373a7f2937173cc26b21f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/fa8f924c29488a329bd70373453572f7494e802125f373a7f2937173cc26b21f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/fa8f924c29488a329bd70373453572f7494e802125f373a7f2937173cc26b21f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"pozzana\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/biologo.com.br\\\/bio\\\/author\\\/pozzana\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Teoria de Gaia - Legado e controv\u00e9rsias - Sustentabilidade - Bi\u00f3logo","description":"H\u00e1 d\u00e9cadas ouvimos falar a palavra 'Gaia' e sabemos que est\u00e1 ligada ao conceito de desenvolvimento sustent\u00e1vel. Teoria de Gaia ou Princ\u00edpio.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/","og_locale":"pt_BR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Teoria de Gaia - Legado e controv\u00e9rsias - Sustentabilidade - Bi\u00f3logo","og_description":"H\u00e1 d\u00e9cadas ouvimos falar a palavra 'Gaia' e sabemos que est\u00e1 ligada ao conceito de desenvolvimento sustent\u00e1vel. Teoria de Gaia ou Princ\u00edpio.","og_url":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/","og_site_name":"Bi\u00f3logo","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/biologocombr\/","article_published_time":"2021-04-28T21:31:28+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-09-04T00:58:27+00:00","og_image":[{"width":631,"height":351,"url":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Teoria-de-Gaia.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"pozzana","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@Biologocombr","twitter_site":"@Biologocombr","twitter_misc":{"Escrito por":"pozzana","Est. tempo de leitura":"7 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/"},"author":{"name":"pozzana","@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/#\/schema\/person\/3a5d600bbc47f8bb0cd43594317a6cd4"},"headline":"Hip\u00f3tese de Gaia","datePublished":"2021-04-28T21:31:28+00:00","dateModified":"2022-09-04T00:58:27+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/"},"wordCount":966,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Teoria-de-Gaia.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1","articleSection":["Bio\u00e9tica","Educa\u00e7\u00e3o Ambiental","Meio Ambiente"],"inLanguage":"pt-BR"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/","url":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/","name":"Teoria de Gaia - Legado e controv\u00e9rsias - Sustentabilidade - Bi\u00f3logo","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Teoria-de-Gaia.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1","datePublished":"2021-04-28T21:31:28+00:00","dateModified":"2022-09-04T00:58:27+00:00","description":"H\u00e1 d\u00e9cadas ouvimos falar a palavra 'Gaia' e sabemos que est\u00e1 ligada ao conceito de desenvolvimento sustent\u00e1vel. Teoria de Gaia ou Princ\u00edpio.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"pt-BR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pt-BR","@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Teoria-de-Gaia.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Teoria-de-Gaia.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1","width":631,"height":351,"caption":"Teoria-de-Gaia-Hipotese-de-gaia"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/hipotese-de-gaia\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"In\u00edcio","item":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Hip\u00f3tese de Gaia"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/#website","url":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/","name":"Bi\u00f3logo","description":"Biologia. Informa\u00e7\u00f5es para bi\u00f3logos ou leigos. Eventos, v\u00eddeos e muito mais. Ci\u00eancias biol\u00f3gicas.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"pt-BR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/#organization","name":"Bi\u00f3logo","url":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pt-BR","@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/logo1.jpg?fit=179%2C57&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/logo1.jpg?fit=179%2C57&ssl=1","width":179,"height":57,"caption":"Bi\u00f3logo"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/biologocombr\/","https:\/\/x.com\/Biologocombr","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/biologo.com.br\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/#\/schema\/person\/3a5d600bbc47f8bb0cd43594317a6cd4","name":"pozzana","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pt-BR","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/fa8f924c29488a329bd70373453572f7494e802125f373a7f2937173cc26b21f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/fa8f924c29488a329bd70373453572f7494e802125f373a7f2937173cc26b21f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/fa8f924c29488a329bd70373453572f7494e802125f373a7f2937173cc26b21f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"pozzana"},"url":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/author\/pozzana\/"}]}},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Teoria-de-Gaia.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":7759,"url":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/ecologia-profunda\/","url_meta":{"origin":7737,"position":0},"title":"Ecologia profunda","author":"pozzana","date":"setembro 22, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Ecologia profunda: A ecologia profunda (deep ecology) v\u00ea a humanidade como mais um fio na \"teia da vida\" (web of life). Conhe\u00e7a aqui o conceito proposto pelo fil\u00f3sofo e ecologista noruegu\u00eas Arne N\u00e6ss em 1973. Ecologia profunda 22\/9\/2020 ::\u00a0 Por Josu\u00e9 Fontana A\u00a0ecologia profunda \u00e9 uma filosofia ambiental que promove\u2026","rel":"","context":"Em &quot;Bio\u00e9tica&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Bio\u00e9tica","link":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/category\/bioetica\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Ecologia Profunda","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/ecologia-profunda.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/ecologia-profunda.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/ecologia-profunda.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":10038,"url":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/odum\/","url_meta":{"origin":7737,"position":1},"title":"Odum","author":"pozzana","date":"julho 13, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Odum era um bi\u00f3logo americano famoso por seu trabalho pioneiro na Ecologia. \u00c9 tamb\u00e9m o principal respons\u00e1vel pela emancipa\u00e7\u00e3o da Ecologia e populariza\u00e7\u00e3o do termo \"ecossistema\". Odum, o pai da ecologia moderna 13\/7\/2021 ::\u00a0 Por Josu\u00e9 Fontana Eugene Pleasants Odum (1913-2002) foi um importante ec\u00f3logo e zo\u00f3logo que teve entre\u2026","rel":"","context":"Em &quot;Biodiversidade&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Biodiversidade","link":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/category\/biodiversidade\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Odum, o pai da ecologia moderna","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/odum-eugene.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/odum-eugene.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/odum-eugene.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":9326,"url":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/maturana-e-a-autopoiese\/","url_meta":{"origin":7737,"position":2},"title":"Maturana e a Autopoiese","author":"pozzana","date":"maio 10, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Humberto Maturana: Faleceu nesse ano o famoso bi\u00f3logo Humberto Maturana, criador em parceria com Francisco Varela da teoria da autopoiese e da biologia do conhecer. Tamb\u00e9m foi um dos idealizadores do pensamento sist\u00eamico e do construtivismo radical. Maturana e a Autopoiese 10\/5\/2021 ::\u00a0 Por Josu\u00e9 Fontana A epistemologia de Maturana\u2026","rel":"","context":"Em &quot;Comportamento&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Comportamento","link":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/category\/comportamento\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Humberto Maturana","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Humberto-Maturana.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Humberto-Maturana.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Humberto-Maturana.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":9948,"url":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/carl-sagan\/","url_meta":{"origin":7737,"position":3},"title":"Carl Sagan","author":"pozzana","date":"julho 5, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Carl Sagan foi um dos grandes pensadores da ci\u00eancia da era moderna, conhecido especialmente por sua pesquisa sobre vida extraterrestre. Bi\u00f3logo, f\u00edsico, astr\u00f4nomo, astrof\u00edsico, cosm\u00f3logo, escritor, ativista e divulgador cient\u00edfico norte-americano, Sagan ajudou a popularizar a ci\u00eancia como poucos o fizeram. Carl Sagan e a exobiologia 5\/7\/2021 ::\u00a0 Por Josu\u00e9\u2026","rel":"","context":"Em &quot;Astrobiologia&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Astrobiologia","link":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/category\/astrobiologia\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Carl Sagan e a exobiologia","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Carl-Sagan.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Carl-Sagan.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Carl-Sagan.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6764,"url":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/livros-de-biologia-para-download\/","url_meta":{"origin":7737,"position":4},"title":"Livros de biologia para download","author":"pozzana","date":"abril 14, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Livros de biologia para download - Selecionamos alguns dos melhores livros e apostilas de biologia para download gratuito. Alguns est\u00e3o dispon\u00edveis somente em PDF, mas outros tem diversas op\u00e7\u00f5es de formato, incluindo book online: HTML, EPUB, MOBI (kindle), Plain Text e outros. Livros de biologia para download Em tempos de\u2026","rel":"","context":"Em &quot;Bot\u00e2nica&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Bot\u00e2nica","link":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/category\/botanica\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Livros de biologia para download","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Livros-de-biologia-para-download.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Livros-de-biologia-para-download.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Livros-de-biologia-para-download.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":10663,"url":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/um-biologo-brasileiro-na-europa\/","url_meta":{"origin":7737,"position":5},"title":"Um bi\u00f3logo brasileiro na Europa","author":"pozzana","date":"setembro 22, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Um bi\u00f3logo brasileiro na Europa: O bi\u00f3logo Pedro Castro est\u00e1 h\u00e1 mais de um ano vivendo com a fam\u00edlia em Bruxelas, na B\u00e9lgica. Na entrevista abaixo, conversamos com Pedro sobre a experi\u00eancia de morar na Europa e administrar a empresa criada por ele no Brasil, a Arca Ambiental. Um bi\u00f3logo\u2026","rel":"","context":"Em &quot;Meio Ambiente&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Meio Ambiente","link":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/category\/meioambiente\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Um bi\u00f3logo brasileiro na Europa","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/bruxelas-um-biologo-brasileiro-na-europa.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/bruxelas-um-biologo-brasileiro-na-europa.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/bruxelas-um-biologo-brasileiro-na-europa.jpg?fit=631%2C351&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6NB6B-20N","amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7737","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7737"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7737\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12925,"href":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7737\/revisions\/12925"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9222"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7737"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7737"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biologo.com.br\/bio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7737"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}